Carbureter.



W. K. ANDREW.

GARBURBTBR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22, 190s.

Patented Feb. 9,- 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

i ai a f.

W. K. AND-REW.

' GARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED 'IUI-.Y 22, 1908. 91 1,692, Patented Feb. 9, 1909;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l the valve may be manipulated.

or air V:and liquid fuel passlng UNTTED sTATEs PATENT oEErcE.A vwnlLiA'M K. ANDREW, or r'MILWAIUKEE, WIscoNsIN, AssIcNoa To INTERNATIONAL A HARVESTER conrANY, A conroEATioN or NEW JERsEY. e

cAniaunE'rEn. l

Be it knownthat I, WILLIAM K. ANDREW, a citizen of the United States, residing -at Milwaukee, in thecountyof Milwaukee and State of W'isconsimhave invented certain new and useful lm rovementis :inA Carbureters, of which the ollowing is a specifica'- tion. Y

My invention relates to improvements in carburcters forexplosive' engines,1and it includes an .improved vconstruction and arrangemenfof parts whereby the proportion gine may be automatically ad the-most effective explosive mixture, andthe quantity of the mixture maybe variedv to wary the speed and power .of the engine.'

The details of ,construction'in the opera-4 tion of my'inventicnwill-be clear from the vfoll'owimrgr specification, `taken in' 'connection with the accompanying drawings, 1n which-.-

vFigure l isf-ajsectonal elevation of. the

lcarbureter en ibody'ing; my improved construction. VFi 2. is a. top plan viewof the carbureter casingalong the line A-B of Fig. 1.` .f Fig. 3 isk @plan ew. of the air inlet and the controlling; valvefof the carbureter in the direction uitthearrowv C in Fig. l. Figi.- ll'represents, across section vof Fig; 3` along the hie-E. Fig. 5 isan end view ofthe' innerfend offtheair inlet valve.` Fig.4 6 is a A side elevation of 'thesaid valve; and'Fig. 7

represents'a-topH plan view of one of the in terior membersof the cage in which the controlling valvemechanism Ais mounted..`

Like reference charactersv designate the same parts throughout the several-views.

-Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a pipev communicatingV with thecOmbuSti'On chamber of an explosive engine, not shown.

2 designates a rotary valve mounted in said lie pipe and adapted to control the flow of eX- pl/osive mixture therethrough.

' 3 designates a lever, by meanso-f which I The'valve 1s mounted in a casing 4 form ing part of the pipe, and secured 'to said vcasing is the carbureter,- including 'a shell particu `5 v'inclosing' the m'ixingchamber 6," lanali' adrmsslo'n chamber 7, a fuel admis. sionmozzie 8, and amlxture admission valve.

4ine'ohairiem 39.V v'Crmfnnunieating' with the air chamber is :an air inlet valve 1 0 of the -pislm .A 'top typahaving an" outer cylindrical por-1' Specification of Letters Patent.

Application tiled July' 22,1908. Serial No. 444,693.

patented Feb. 9, 1969.

The outer end of the valve is provided with a cap 14, having an interior centrally arranged boss 15- and 16 designates a valve stem'secured thereto and extending outward therefrom.'I The valve is mounted in a cylindrical casing 17, having its innerend Secured to the'shell 5 and provided at its outer end with a boss portion 18 having a longi.

tudinalopeningtherein adapted to receive the valve stem 16, which stem projects beyond the bossy and is' encircled 'by a coiledv spring 19 that is'operative between the boss and an adjusting n'ut' 20'at the' outer end of the valve'stem 'in a manner .to -y'ieldingly oppose an inward movement of the valve.

VThe cylindrical .casing 17, on its interior,

is provided with 'an annular chamber 21,

and 22 designates an airinlet pipe commumeating with said chamber, Between the chamber and the valve is a series of superposed rings 23 spaced apart and encircling the' valve in a manner to form ports for the admissionjof air-from the annular cham? ber, the ports being vadapted to registerv with the valve orts when the valve is moved in one direction, the ringsbeing supported by means of bars 25 arranged lengthwise of the casing.

t 251" represents openings end ofthe casing and communicating with the atmosphere.

The lair admission chamber 7 is separated from the mixingcha'mber 'by means oa partition 26, 'and 27y designates an opening through the partition, which opening is partiallyy controlled by a movable diaphragmy 28. 29 designatesl a fuel feed nozzle arranged concentrically Vwithsaid opening, ad-

through the outer jacent thereto and surroundedby said diaphragm, which nozzle includes a conical -head 291 secured to an kadjustable.stern.' 30,

that.y is received by a. tubular conduit` 31 communicating atitslowerend withajoonetant level cupjj'Q-,the outer and lower end' ot the'stemfbeing Screw`threaded and ente gaging the downwardly;` pro'ecting sleeve portion `333ml a `mannerA lto eradjustablel thereinia'nd' operative to .control-.the opening los - that communicates with an enlarged portion of the conduit below the bearing for the upper end`oft'ne stem in a manner to permit a free low of gasolene or other fuel from the constant level cup to the feed noz- Zle, the constant level cupl heilig connected with a constant source of fluid not. shown.

- The movable diaphragm 28 is connected with the stem 36 bymeans of upwardly extending arms 37,'and 38 designates a piston integral with 'said stem and movable within a cylinder 39 forming part of the shell 5.

40 designates a cap secured to the upper end of the cylinder and having openings 4l therein for the admission of air to the interior ofthe cylinder and piston.

42 represents a cylindrical. plug adjustably received by the cap 40 and in which the extended end of the 'stem S6 has a bearing. The stem is encircled by a spring 43 that is operative between the lower end of the cylindrical plug and the adjusting nut 44 atfthe outerend of the stem in a `manner to yieldingly move the valve in one direction and thereby hold lthe diaphragm 28 against its v seat upon the partition 26.

The flowl of explosive mixture from the4 mixing chamber 6 to the engine 1sI controlled' 'by the valve mechanism '9, which includes'a series of mushroom valves 45, preferably four in number, that are arranged in pairs lin'axial alinement and secured to a valve rod 46 that is designed to be connected tothe governor mechanism lof the engine.` The valves operate in a cage 47, secured within the shell 5, and having a series of annular chambers therein communicating with the niixing chamber, and a conduit'leading to the engine cylinder by means of the ports` controlled by the valves. rIhe cage is preferably made in two 'parts that meet on a central line 48, the parts being held within the shell by means of screws 49 that are received by threaded openings in a vertically arranged rib 50 projecting inward from the inner wall of the shell 5.

5l designates ribs upon the opposite side A of the shell that are adapted to engage with the cage members, as indicated in Fig. '1, in'a manner to retain them 1n vertical almement. The cage members include upper and lower plates that are connected by' a seg- 'mental Wall 52, vsho'wn in dotted lines 1n Fig; 7 and in section in Fig. 1, whichwall meets the inwardly projecting walls 53 of the mixing chamber ina manner to clore communication between said chamber and the conduit leading to the engine except through the Valve controlling ports in the plates. The outer faces of the plates are provided with segmental rims 54 that extend approximately half way around the plates, as. shown in Fig. 7 and operative when the cages are in place to formannular lower plates, 61 and 62, respectively, de-

signed to close the lower end of the valve cage, and an opening in the bottom of the shell 5, and a collar 63 secured to the valve rod in a 4manner to move said rod in a direction to open the valve when not influenced by the governor mechanism of the engine.

The valves' all open upward, and when opened the mixture is drawn downward through the lower port into the annular chamber 64 below, and upward through the next port of the series to the central chamber 65, and downward into the same chamber through the next higher port, and upward into the uppermost chamber 66 through the upper port of the series. The

chambers allconnnunicate with an annular chamber 67v partially surrounding the valve mechanism and communicating with pipe l through the ports controlled by the valve 2. The mixture, in flowing through the series of separate-ports to the single channel, becomes intimately mixed, and a throttling governor, operating in connection with the series ol. valves, through the rod, controls the speed of the engine in a very elicient manner.

When an engine equipped with a carbureter as described is in operation, at each suction stroke of the engine a partial vacuum is formed in the mixing chamber 6, the air admission valve 10 is forced inward by atmospheric pressure, the air passing through 'the openingsA 251 and exerting pressure agamstfthe outer end of the valve. Inward movement thereof a ainst the pressure `of spring 19 uncovers tie ports 24. Proportionate with the degree oi vacuum in the mixing chamber airlows through the pipe 22 andchamber 7, and through the opening 27 into the mixing chamber 6. The air, in flowing through the opening 7, is directed more or less toward the feed nozzle of the liquid fuel, the direction thereof being governed by the position of the annular diaphragm 28 relative to said nozzle and opening. Vhen theengine is running at normal speed the inflow of air both as to the speed "artica:

of its current; jand the 'volume thereof, :is practicall unvaried' Land. the amount tif-m9- tive .flui iiowl'lgg `.O'lflr-tlle feednozzle 1s constant .aid lbecomes intimately mixed with the air in ,preper proportions as,A the two constituents enter the mixing chamber. When the speed :of thengine is-above normal the degree lof vacuum` 'in .the mixing chamber 6 becomes greater :andthe volume of the current of air Howing thereto is proportionately increased, and if'no regulatingmeans be provided the air current surrounding the feed -nozzle for the motive fluid will inducefan increased flow therethrough lthat will eitectl a.4

material change in the composition of the explosive mixture, and it is desirable that'the,

component parts'thereof remain as near conetant as possible. To effect' this result is the function ofthe piston 38, operating in the 2o c linder 39. As thedegree of vacuum'in the E l c amber becomes greaterthe pressure of the atmosphere, operating against'the piston,

will cause it to move inward and, through its connection with the diaphragm 28, cause the latter tonmoveaway from its seat against the current flowing into the -mixingchamber and thereby' divert a portion of said current away from the feed nozzle and through that part of the opening 27 uncovered by the diaphragm, the eflect be.- flow of motive Huid from.

movement of said ing ,to reduce the the nozzle in a manner to maintain'a proper proportion of air and lgas flowing intothe mixing chamber. The movement ofthe diaair -iiowing through the chamber, but-wholly by the piston 38, The amount of air pressure required to operatethe valveis regulated by means of tbe spring 43. whereby the movementof the diaphragm is effected by the vacuum in the the amount of air fiowing thereto andin opposition to its current. l,VVh'atl claim as mv invention, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a carbureter for explosive engines, the combination of anair conduit. a mixing chamber, va partition between said :conduit and said chamber, said partition having an opening communicating with said air con.- l duit and said mixing chamber, a, fuel feed nozzle adjacent said opening` andwithin a current of alr fiowing therethrough, a mov- -of said opening, and means controlled by a the reduction of pressure in said mixing chamber and operative to move'said diaphragm against the current of air flowing through the opening in said partition.

2. 'In a carbureter for explosive engines, the combination of an air conduit, a mix- 4ing chamber, a partition between said conduit and said chamber, said' mixing chamber communicating with a v alve mechanism. adapted to control the admissionof explo-- phrasm is not influenced by the current of` chamber 6 in advance of able diaphragm adaptedto control the size'- s ive'gniixtureto an engine during its-suction Stroke, said partition. having an opening communicating `with said air conduit and said mixin chamber, a vfuel feed nozzle adjacent saidg'opening andwithin a current of air liowing therethrough, a movable diaphraqgmjl ada ted to control the` size of said opening, ,an means'controlled by .the partial vacuum formed in said mixing chamber by lthe operation of an engine operative to move' said diaphragm against .the current of air Howing through-said opening.

3. In carburet'er' for explosive engines, theco'mbination oflan.air conduit, a -mixing chamber, apartition between said condult and 'saidchambensaid partition having' an opening communicating with said airconduit "and said mixing chamber, a fuel feed nozzle adjacent said opening and within acurrent of air flowing therethrough, a movable diaphragm adaptedto control the; size ofsaid-opemng, a cylinder communicatingl ,with saidA mixing chamber and the atmos here, a piston operative within said cy mder and connected with said diaphragm whereby thev latteris causedl to open aga-inst the current of 'air flowing into said mixingchamber and therebyfen- 111gits suction stroke, saidartition having an op air conduit and said. mixing chamber, a fuel feed nozzle adjacent 'said 'opening and within a current of air flowing therethrough, a movable diaphragm adapted to the size of said opening, in axial alinement withsaid opening and having one end open tothe atmosphere and its opposite end opening into saidmixin chamber, a piston operative 'within .said

whereby atmospheric pressure dependent upon a reduction of pressure in the mixing chamber and operative upon said piston will cause said diaphragm to move'again'st' a current of air iiowing into'said mixing 'chamber and thereby enlarge the opening in the partition between the air conduit `an said cham er. 5. In a carbureter for explosive engines, the combination of an air conduit, a mixing chamber, a. partition between said air conduit and said mixing chamber, said mixing chamber communicating Ywith a valve mechanism adapted to 'control the admission of .explosive mixture to an engine during its large thejopenmgyinthe partition between A the aircon -it and said m'rxino chamber control 'v a cylinder arranged suctionA stroke, said partition having `an eof i for explosive engines, the comblnation ,of an airconduit, a mixsion of exploslve mixture to aliengine durening 'communicating with said."

cylinder and connected with said diaphragm opening communicating with said air conduit and said mixing chamber, a fuel feed nozzle adjacent said openingI and Within a current of air flowing therethrough, a movable diaphragm' surrounding said feed noz- 4zle and adapted to control the size of said opening, a cylinder arranged in axial alinement with said opening and having one end open to the atmosphere and its'opposite end opening into said mixing chamber, a piston operative within said cylinder and connected With `said diaphragm whereby atmospheric pressure dependent upon a rel l i duction of .pressurevin the-mixing chamber and operative upon said piston will cause the diaphragm to move against a current of air flowing into said mixing chamber and thereby enlarge the opening in the partition between said 'air conduit and said chamber,

and a snring operative toV move said piston. 20

and sai diaphragm in an opposite direction.

WILLIAM K. ANDREW.

Witnesses:

`B. C. VVArr,

C. S. ADAMS. 

